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Exploring the 4-Cs Framework

In India, mainstream environmentalism and development situate biodiversity conservation and human well-being as mutually exclusive goals. This is contentious because a large section of India’s population has inextricable economic, social, political, and cultural linkages with its rich biodiversity. The 4-Cs framework is suggested to address human well-being within the purview of ecosystem assessment and management by incorporating multiple social-ecological variables. Examples of domains, attributes, and indicators of human well-being are examined in the context of the Forest Rights Act (2006). Further, the framework can be tailor-made to guide conservation practitioners, establish the discourse on human well-being in the field of biodiversity science, and broaden the normative understanding of human well-being as an essential outcome of biodiversity conservation.

Biodiversity-focused Development

“ Sustainable development” and “sustainability” may be among the most used phrases across discourses, both mainstream and radical, on “development.” As in any conceptualisation, disciplinary frameworks and value judgments matter here as well. The goal of sustainable development is to meet the needs...

The Making of a Masked Mandate

The discourse around the forthcoming Bihar assembly elections of 2020 is rife with the usual rhetoric of development brandished by the ruling alliance, while the opposition stresses the underdevelopment of the state. This election is also driven by caste calculations. But the distinctive factor is that of the migrant workers which could prove to be a game changer.

Contemporary Urban Politics: Reflections from ‘Mulshi Pattern’ and ‘Kaala’

Kaala (2018) directed by Pa Ranjith, and Mulshi Pattern (2018) directed by Pravin Tarde, both depict the changing nature of the political economy that revolves around the ownership of urban and suburban land. The conflict arising out of the overlapping shades of caste, class and land is at the root of both the films. While Kaala is the embodiment of contemporary subaltern politics as well as its aesthetics, Mulshi Pattern is an expression of the reactionary politics of criminalisation arising out of the collective insecurity perceived by dominant castes on losing landholdings and associated privileges.

For Cities to be ‘Smart,’ They First Need to Work: Notes from the Aurangabad Model

Vol. 55, Issue No. 7, 15 Feb, 2020
The term “smart city” in India has come to have a life of its own, and even though it is just another government scheme, the idea of a smart city has come to mean much more. The author draws on their experience of working on the Aurangabad Smart City Project.

Dams Do Not Mean Development: The Case of Hydro-Electric Projects in North East India

Vol. 55, Issue No. 5, 01 Feb, 2020
Protests against the mega dam projects in North East India highlight the issues related to land acquisition, compensation, resettlement as well as rehabilitation for displaced and project-affected people.

Forest Rights Act in Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh

The emergence of the Forest Rights Act reasserted the vitality of the role people play in conservation and management of natural resources and carving out legal channels for recognition of their forest rights. But, in Himachal Pradesh, the FRA suffers at the hands of a bureaucracy that has buried it under the weight of colonial power structures. The conflicting narratives from Kinnaur are discussed, where instead of being recognised under the FRA, the tribals’ identity and forest dependence are being ripped away from them.

The Myth of Sustainable Development in Mumbai’s Infrastructure Projects

The flip side of the ongoing and proposed infrastructure projects in Mumbai is explored. The concept of sustainable development is juxtaposed with the ramifications these projects have on the environment, and some important ecological questions are raised.

Fourth Handloom Census: Government's Claims Belie Ground Reality

Vol. 54, Issue No. 49, 14 Dec, 2019
The Fourth Handloom Census, released by the government in August this year, glosses over the sad state of affairs afflicting the handloom sector in the country while lauding the government’s “successful” welfare policies for lakhs of weavers.

An Imbalanced Ecosystem

The rapid development of various institutions supporting company creation in India has the potential to generate economic growth, innovation, and economic development. However, this article shows that the start-up ecosystem has unevenly developed across cities and economic sectors, and has failed to empower the overall population, so far. Using a comprehensive database on start-ups retrieved from Tracxn, a business data and analytics company, the authors find that venture capital concentrates amongst graduates stemming from a handful of prestigious education institutes in India and abroad. The article analyses the role of entrepreneurship policies and argues for a shift of focus and resources towards the building of a more inclusive start-up ecosystem.

From Jobless to Job-loss Growth

The unprecedented decline in the absolute number of workers in the Indian economy in recent times has been a subject of debate and a matter of public concern. A closer look at the data for the period 2011–12 and 2017–18 shows that it is the net result of a dynamic process of job creation and destruction. Those who have lost jobs are all with low education, that is, less than secondary level of education. From a gender perspective, rural women workers are the net losers. From a social point of view, the net losers belong to two groups: Muslims and Hindu Other Backward Classes. These are clear signs of rural India in distress with strong gender and social dimensions.

Neo-liberalism, Development and Deprivation in India

Dispossession, Deprivation and Development: Essays for Utsa Patnaik edited by Arindam Banerjee and C P Chandrasekhar, New Delhi: Tulika Books, 2018; pp x +270, ₹ 750.

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