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Assessing India’s Energy Balances
Comparison of the data from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation and the International Energy Agency for 2019–20 shows that the two energy balance estimates are different owing to the adoption of different calorifi c values and incomplete disaggregation of energy use by end-users.
The author is grateful to the anonymous referee of this article. It has greatly benefi ted from the comments
National energy statistics are essential to track a country’s progress in its human development goals (Vera and Langlois 2007). Energy data is also crucial to estimating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from energy use (Bruckner et al 2015). CO2 emission from energy use is the key driver of the climate change crisis. Most countries have pledged reductions in CO2 emissions or emissions intensity under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) framework. CO2 emissions data is critical for monitoring the progress in meeting the emission reduction targets.
Countries collate their energy statistics and present them in energy balances (UN 2017). An energy balance is an accounting framework for the compilation and reconciliation of data on all energy products entering, exiting, and used within the national territory of a given country during a reference period. Energy balances are essential to calculate energy indicators of development and estimate CO2 emissions from energy use. Figure 1 shows a few energy indicators of human development and the required data.
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