Common property resources (CPRs)t though neglected by policy makers and planners, play a significant role in the life of the rural poor. This paper, part of a larger study on the role of CPRs in farming systems of dry areas of India, attempts to quantify the extent to which the rural poor benefit from CPRs. Based on data from over 80 villages in 21 districts in dry regions of seven states, the study reveals significant contribution of CPRs towards the employment and income generation for the rural poor, i e, labour and small farm households. The per household per year income derived from CPRs ranged between Rs 530 and Rs 830 in different areas. This is higher than the income generated by a number of anti-poverty programmes in some areas. The dependence of richer households on CPRs is much less.