From Marx to Freud and Parsons, industrial society has been assumed to be the graveyard of religious faith. The rise of militant religious and ethnic movements in the post-cold war era is a challenge to these secular perspectives. This paper presents an overview of the religious types of discontent in the form of a review of the different interpretations of the rise of the so-called fundamentalist movements and analyses the impact of militant religious movements on education and the media in Iran, Israel, the US, Guatemala and India.
