Agricultural extension is critical to improve farm productivity and to translate the same into increased income. However, the agricultural extension system in India is facing a multitude of challenges. The support, in terms of policies and promotion, received by the agricultural sector even before the green revolution is gradually weakening. Private extension has been unable to match the requirements of a diverse and smallholder-dominated Indian agricultural sector. Restructuring of the Indian agricultural extension system is vital in developing the sector into a major source of growth in the Indian economy.