Reorientation of Rural Development Programmes A Note on Some Basic Issues G Parthasarathy Rural, Poverty is rooted in the system in which the poor are deprived of assets but do not gain adequately the support of employment in the organised sector There is a stubborn persistence of its incidence as rural resources are diverted to elite consumption and to meet the needs of investment for the elite through market processes. Where there is no socialisation of assets or radical land reforms, complemented by a strong public sector, there are thus formidable obstacles to reduction in the incidence of poverty.
Land, Labour and Poverty G Parthasarathy Land, Labour and Rural Poverty: Essays in Development Economics by Pranab K Bardhan; Oxford University Press, Bombay, 1984; pp 352, Rs 120.
Production A District-wise Analysis in Andhra Pradesh G Parthasarathy This paper examines (i) Inter-district variations in Andhra Pradesh in the growth rates of agricultural production from 1955-56 to (ii) Variations in growth rates between the pre- and post-green revolution periods in each district and differences
State, Merchant Capital and Rural Economy G Parthasarathy State and Market by Barbara Harriss; Concept Publishing Company,
STUDIES on agricultural markets in India have so far limited themselves by and large to either a description of the functioning of the individual commodity Markets or to a variety of regula- iory measures taken by the state with the declared objective of improvement in the functioning of the markets confronting the cultivator. There is also a growing volume of literaturel which has set itself the task of proving that:
Farming Case of Godavari Delta G Parthasarathy V Pothana This paper enquires into the extent and trends in the development of capitalism in agriculture in a canal irrigated paddy growing district of Andhra Pradesh. The district selected for this purpose, West Godavari, has been under the strong influence of technological change associated with high-yielding varieties. The main indices set up for study of the transition towards capitalism are: (i) hired labour use relative to family labour use; (ii) rental incomes; (iii) output levels per hectare and marketed surplus; (iv) use of modern inputs; (v) investments per hectare; and (vi) rate of surplus value, rate of profit and reinvestments.
Poverty and Agrarian Reform G Parthasarathy Rural Poverty and Agrarian Reform edited by Steve Jones, P C Joshi and Miguel Murmis; Allied Publishers, 1982; pp 384, Rs 170.
This paper addresses itself mainly to two issues with reference to Andhra Pradesh: (1) the direction of trends in real wages between 1985-59 and 1978-79; and (2) the association between trends in real wages and trends in net capita (rural) agricultural production.
Technology, Employment and Institutions G Parthasarathy Essays on Technology, Employment and Institutions in Economic Development: Comparative Asian Experience by Shigere Ishikawa; Kino- kuniya Company, Tokyo, 1981; pp 466. Yen 6,000.
as people's representatives. At the same time, feudal landlordism had no effective roots in Kerala, the transformation of land relations has been effected without much violent resistance, Michael Tarakan presented a paper on 'Intra-Regional Difference in Agrarian System and Internal Migration : A Case Study of the Migration of Farmers from Travancore to Malabar, 1930-1950'. He explained that the population pressure on land in Travancore was evidently a cause of migration of farmers to Malabar. The big farmers also migrated for investing surplus made in plantation agriculture in Travancore in Malabar for making more profits. The easy availability of cultivable land in this region attracted both big farmers and small peasants. M Gangadharan in his paper on the ANDHRA PRADESH 'Impact of Mappila Outbreaks' showed that they had been successful as a method of action against the exploiting landed class. These revolts had prevented more possible evictions of the Mappila peasants in this district. After 1921 the rebels lost their ability to react. Further the education and other social measures adopted by the government also brought changes in the attitudes of the Mappilas.
Agricultural Labour A Review G Parthasarathy G Dasaradha Rama Rao The National Commission on Labour recommended a number of steps to bring about improvements in the procedures of fixation, revision and implementation of minimum wages for agricultural labour. Among the steps recommended by the Commission are:
There are very few empirical studies which throw light on the association between poverty and other characteristics. We need to know in which regions and for what class of people poverty can be identified with unemployment and areas and categories in respect of which poverty has other implications.
Labour Households A Study of West Godavari District G Parthasarathy G Dasaradha Rama Rao While aggregative studies are helpful in indicating the broad dimensions of the problem, under- standing of the character of employment and unemployment in the rural areas and the types of programmes appropriate for different areas calls for disaggregative studies for homogeneous agro-economic regions and periodic reviews of responses of labour to employment programmes.
