Articles by B M

found in the series of inquiry reports that force was often used disproportionately and unnecessarily and not with a view to stopping the disturbance or preventing jail-escape. At a certain stage, force was used to take revenge on the prisoners who created the disturbance or attempted to escape from jail, Many hearts can be won by using tact with firmness rather than by breaking heads. In particular, warder gttarvls should be trained in how and when to resort to lathi-charge or gunfire to achieve the object without loss of life ami limbs as far as practicable. Not only is the method applied for tackling prisoners crude and archaic, the weapons supplied to and used by the jail staff are also crude and obsolete in modern days. The main weapons used are lathis and guns, but at the initial stage both can be avoided. In particular, the application of the water hose at the initial stage of a disturbance may be effective in very many cases. At the next stage, if necessary, teargas may be used to quell such disturbances. If these are found inadequate or ineffective only then lathis may be used oh appropriate parts of the body and in proper proportion so that there may not be unnecessary injuries or uncalled for deaths Lastly, the ammunition' supplied required overhauling. Bullet 403 is too dangerous, particularly foruse against unarmed prisoners and bullets should be used only in large disturbances where the prisoners are similarly armed. But in normal times. buckshots in smaller quantities should be enough. The Prison Administration and the state government should also consider the use of such weapons as are often used to shoot wild animals with a view to taming them rather than killing them.

of the corrupt and criminal politicians and their gang of bureaucrats must proceed with speed and in coordination with moves to buttress the frail democratic infrastructure of our continental system. This calls for a great deal of sensitivity linked with creative thought. We have to ensure to the best of our ability that our polity will not again be sabotaged overnight at the bidding of a cynical individual or cabal. The uncertainty which prevails about a fair election process, and the aftermath whatever the result, is a sad commentary on the psychological instability to which a nation of 600 millions has been reduced. Cutting across all party labels, the passion of the elections now under way is for justice, honesty, courage and purposefulness in public life.

tice all those who wish to secure it; and in doing so, as a practical reformer, I have not hesitated to take in those, who I know are actuated by hatred. Even the latter are entitled to justice " He went on to say that, so long as they remained non-violent, they would be fit soldiers of his movement (Young India, February 16, 1921). Thus, the right to bring the rulers to book by direct action is a basic human right, it is not contingent upon virtue; it is certainly not contingent upon obtaining certificates of virtue from the rulers.

January 22, 1977 with the Soviet Union on the management of the world and the second was to prevent national liberation wars. Kissinger's contribution lay in emphasising that the two need not be seen as related phenomena. He was clever enough to see and bold enough tacitly to admit that the growth and strengthening of a liberation movement in any particular area might owe something to Lenin but very little to present-day Soviet Union. In short, his policy was to treat these problems as something which could be talked over with the Soviet Union. Where talking with the Soviet Union would not help, nothing would help anyway. The detente with the Soviet Union was not to be sacrificed to achieve something which, in any THE hopes and expectations of a major thrust forward in investment and growth which were entertained in official quarters at the time of the presentation of last year's budget are somewhat subdued now as exercises on the budget for the next financial year are under way. The path of economic revival has evidently turned out to be more complex and arduous than was earlier assumed. There was even talk in high quarters some weeks ago about postponing the presentation of the budget from the conventional last day of February to gain more time for sorting out problems. But it appears that this idea was given up as inappropriate at a time when it was claimed that steps were being taken at the political plane for what is called relaxation of the emergency. This does not, of course, make the task of the finance ministry any easier.

MULTILATERAL or bilateral govern- ment-to-government aid is regarded as most valuable by the government of India and is being actively solicited by India's aid diplomats. Any misgivings about its availability have also been dispelled by the recent visit of the World Bank President, But the government's new initiatives intended to unshackle all the forces in the econo- nomy which can contribute to savings and capital formation have also opened up a significant new role for foreign private capital. This role is defined in official policy in clear and positive terms