Articles by Arun Ghosh

Any talk of an international economic order (or disorder) of any kind is an exercise in futility without concerning oneself with economic order at home. And internal economic order would necessarily call for an egalitarian society.

data of the smaller surveys carried out in 1986-87 and 1988-89. There is indeed a wide choice in the menu on offer by the NSS today: who chooses what? who is inclined to go for blends and adjustments? and in what manner? are open questions at the moment. One, nevertheless, hopes that the room for manipulations and manoeuvres by the adjusters has been sufficiently cramped. Fanciful picture of the stark reality of the human condition in today's India and its misty future would need to be validated against large and live bodies of scientific data on levels of living and the employment/ unemployment status of this vast population. NSS has been doing its job with great regard for the scientific integrity of the data it collects. Although one might fault the NSSO for incompetence and inefficiency, I AM grateful to Bagich Minhas for having favoured me with an advance copy of his critique on my comments on the 'Mystery of a Declining Capital: Output Ratio' (EPW, November 18, 1989). I am more than grateful to him for also having brought out certain facts which arc not in common knowledge of the readers of this journal.

Planning Horizons Arun Ghosh Two principles which ought to inform the planning effort in India are, first, that we need to strive to attain a genuinely self-reliant economy; and, second, that this concept of self-reliance applies not only to the economy as a whole but to all citizens.

Ferment in Eastern Europe Lessons for Leftists in India Arun Ghosh EASTERN Europe has been in the news of late. The events in Poland and Hungary have been historic to say the least. And now the German Democratic Republic is also in for cataclysmic changes. One hears of rumblings in Czechoslovakia also. The ferment one sees in central Europe has doubtless been building up for some time: the opportunity for formal and visible protest has also doubtless arisen as a result of Gorbachev's perestroika in the USSR, and his reluctance to commit Russian troops to restore 'order' in central Europe, in the tradition of 1953,

Science, Technology and Self-Reliance Arun Ghosh The life story of Pandurang Khankhoje, whose researches yielded the revolution in wheat production in Mexico where he was director of agriculture but who when he returned to India after independence never got the slightest nod from his own countrymen, is illustrative of our general approach to the application of science and technology for our development.