The 2003 amendment in the Citizenship Act provided the “hinge point” from which two contradictory tendencies, represented by the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016 and the National Register of Citizens, emerged. First, a hyphenated citizenship associated with the NRC, which made citizenship contingent on conditions of descent specific to each state, and second, a national citizenship associated with the CAB which has made religion a principle of distinguishability in the creation of bounded citizenship. Paradoxically, these tendencies have become conjoined in the contemporary context, and coexist in a relationship of contradictory cohabitation.