Gandhi an Alternative to Liberalism Amrit Srinivasan A proper understanding of the Gandhian concept of swaraj and the role, symbolic and substantive, of women within it can be used to criticise liberalism and its particular definition of Indian nationalism as the product of rational social policy and action on the part of a centralised government. In Gandhi's science of swaraj women appear as a collective representation by means of which the superiority and inviolability of indigenous social tradition is demonstrated against the modern.